{"sport":"mlb","slug":"calvin-chapman","bio":{"fullName":"Calvin Chapman","position":"LF","team":"CIN","heightInches":69,"weightLbs":160,"birthDate":"1910-12-20","rookieSeason":1935,"lastSeason":1936,"status":"RET","externalIds":{"mlbam":"112195","chadwick":"8802e47e","retro":"chapc101","wikidata":"Q5024351"}},"draft":null,"statTables":[{"id":"batting","label":"Batting","columns":[{"key":"g"},{"key":"ab"},{"key":"r"},{"key":"h"},{"key":"doubles"},{"key":"triples"},{"key":"hr"},{"key":"rbi"},{"key":"sb"},{"key":"bb"},{"key":"so"},{"key":"avg"},{"key":"obp"},{"key":"slg"},{"key":"ops"}],"rows":[{"season":1935,"seasonType":"REG","team":"CIN","gamesPlayed":15,"values":{"g":15,"ab":53,"r":6,"h":18,"doubles":1,"triples":0,"hr":0,"rbi":3,"sb":2,"bb":4,"so":5,"avg":0.34,"obp":0.386,"slg":0.358,"ops":0.744},"rowScope":"team"},{"season":1936,"seasonType":"REG","team":"CIN","gamesPlayed":96,"values":{"g":96,"ab":219,"r":35,"h":54,"doubles":7,"triples":3,"hr":1,"rbi":22,"sb":5,"bb":16,"so":19,"avg":0.247,"obp":0.301,"slg":0.32,"ops":0.621},"rowScope":"team"}],"careerTotals":{"REG":{"g":111,"ab":272,"r":41,"h":72,"doubles":8,"triples":3,"hr":1,"rbi":25,"sb":7,"bb":20,"so":24,"avg":0.265,"obp":0.317,"slg":0.327,"ops":0.644}}},{"id":"advanced","label":"Advanced (League-Relative)","columns":[{"key":"ops_plus","label":"OPS+","description":"On-base plus slugging vs the player's own season+league (100 = league average). Park-unadjusted; OBP uses a consistent (H+BB)/(AB+BB) rate. Higher is better.","format":"int","higherIsBetter":true},{"key":"era_plus","label":"ERA+","description":"Earned-run average vs the player's own season+league (100 = league average). Park-unadjusted. Higher is better.","format":"int","higherIsBetter":true}],"rows":[{"season":1935,"seasonType":"REG","team":"CIN","values":{"ops_plus":107,"era_plus":null},"rowScope":"team"},{"season":1936,"seasonType":"REG","team":"CIN","values":{"ops_plus":71,"era_plus":null},"rowScope":"team"}],"careerTotals":{"REG":{"ops_plus":78,"era_plus":null}},"advancedMeta":{"method":"computed in-house from MLB StatsAPI season batting/pitching lines, normalized to each player's own (season, league) baseline","formulas":{"era_plus":"100 * lgERA / playerERA (league ERA = 9 * ΣER / ΣIP over the season+league)","ops_plus":"100 * (OBP/lgOBP + SLG/lgSLG - 1)","career_era_plus":"innings-weighted league ERA / career ERA (B-Ref method)","career_ops_plus":"AB-weighted OBP & SLG against AB-weighted league rates"},"caveats":["PARK-UNADJUSTED: no park-factor data exists in the corpus, so these are league-relative but not park-adjusted (true B-Ref ERA+/OPS+ also divide by a park factor)","OBP baseline uses a consistent (H+BB)/(AB+BB) reached-base rate for BOTH player and league — the source feed carries no HBP or SF, so this is not the full (H+BB+HBP)/(AB+BB+HBP+SF) OBP; SLG is exact from the hit-type columns","league resolved from team code + season (most-recently-founded franchise existing by that season); the same resolver builds the baseline and looks up the player, so ratios stay internally coherent","a (season, league) bucket below the sample floor (3000 AB batting / 1000 IP pitching) yields null — no noisy baselines","regular season only; postseason lines are excluded from league baselines and metrics","AL and NL and each historical/Negro league are normalized separately — never blended across leagues or eras"]}}],"dataSources":["MLB StatsAPI (statsapi.mlb.com — official public league API; facts only, raw payloads not republished)"],"generatedAt":"2026-07-03T07:19:43.364Z"}