{"sport":"mlb","slug":"ray-cosey","bio":{"fullName":"Ray Cosey","position":"PH","team":"ATH","heightInches":70,"weightLbs":185,"birthDate":"1956-02-15","rookieSeason":1980,"lastSeason":1980,"status":"RET","externalIds":{"mlbam":"112710","chadwick":"99f709aa","retro":"coser101","wikidata":"Q7297357"}},"draft":null,"statTables":[{"id":"batting","label":"Batting","columns":[{"key":"g"},{"key":"ab"},{"key":"r"},{"key":"h"},{"key":"doubles"},{"key":"triples"},{"key":"hr"},{"key":"rbi"},{"key":"sb"},{"key":"bb"},{"key":"so"},{"key":"avg"},{"key":"obp"},{"key":"slg"},{"key":"ops"}],"rows":[{"season":1980,"seasonType":"REG","team":"ATH","gamesPlayed":9,"values":{"g":9,"ab":9,"r":0,"h":1,"doubles":0,"triples":0,"hr":0,"rbi":0,"sb":0,"bb":0,"so":0,"avg":0.111,"obp":0.111,"slg":0.111,"ops":0.222},"rowScope":"team"}],"careerTotals":{"REG":{"g":9,"ab":9,"r":0,"h":1,"doubles":0,"triples":0,"hr":0,"rbi":0,"sb":0,"bb":0,"so":0,"avg":0.111,"obp":0.111,"slg":0.111,"ops":0.222}}},{"id":"advanced","label":"Advanced (League-Relative)","columns":[{"key":"ops_plus","label":"OPS+","description":"On-base plus slugging vs the player's own season+league (100 = league average). Park-unadjusted; OBP uses a consistent (H+BB)/(AB+BB) rate. Higher is better.","format":"int","higherIsBetter":true},{"key":"era_plus","label":"ERA+","description":"Earned-run average vs the player's own season+league (100 = league average). Park-unadjusted. Higher is better.","format":"int","higherIsBetter":true}],"rows":[{"season":1980,"seasonType":"REG","team":"ATH","values":{"ops_plus":-36,"era_plus":null},"rowScope":"team"}],"careerTotals":{"REG":{"ops_plus":-36,"era_plus":null}},"advancedMeta":{"method":"computed in-house from MLB StatsAPI season batting/pitching lines, normalized to each player's own (season, league) baseline","formulas":{"era_plus":"100 * lgERA / playerERA (league ERA = 9 * ΣER / ΣIP over the season+league)","ops_plus":"100 * (OBP/lgOBP + SLG/lgSLG - 1)","career_era_plus":"innings-weighted league ERA / career ERA (B-Ref method)","career_ops_plus":"AB-weighted OBP & SLG against AB-weighted league rates"},"caveats":["PARK-UNADJUSTED: no park-factor data exists in the corpus, so these are league-relative but not park-adjusted (true B-Ref ERA+/OPS+ also divide by a park factor)","OBP baseline uses a consistent (H+BB)/(AB+BB) reached-base rate for BOTH player and league — the source feed carries no HBP or SF, so this is not the full (H+BB+HBP)/(AB+BB+HBP+SF) OBP; SLG is exact from the hit-type columns","league resolved from team code + season (most-recently-founded franchise existing by that season); the same resolver builds the baseline and looks up the player, so ratios stay internally coherent","a (season, league) bucket below the sample floor (3000 AB batting / 1000 IP pitching) yields null — no noisy baselines","regular season only; postseason lines are excluded from league baselines and metrics","AL and NL and each historical/Negro league are normalized separately — never blended across leagues or eras"]}}],"dataSources":["MLB StatsAPI (statsapi.mlb.com — official public league API; facts only, raw payloads not republished)"],"generatedAt":"2026-07-03T02:49:47.141Z"}