+7.0+21.2 raw over 13 seasons · +0.8 a season#49 of 368
Best: 1884 BLO (+10.6) · Worst: 1894 LOU (-13.8)
Team wins minus the wins its roster's VAL predicts (roster fit r² 0.77), credited by share of games coached and shrunk toward zero for short careers. Descriptive, not causal: health, schedule and luck sit in the same residual.
Built from: Lahman Baseball Database (1871–2019); MLB StatsAPI (schedule, standings, coaches by date, postseason) (2020–2026); Wikipedia — List of <club> managers (acting managers, verification) (2020–2026); Wikipedia — Major League Baseball Manager of the Year Award (2017–).