Marshawn Lynch is one of the most consistent running backs of his generation β a player whose career coefficient of variation places him among the most reliable performers at the position. Year in, year out, Lynch delivered without dramatic peaks or valleys β the kind of player who earns trust, not headlines.
Regular-season all-time ranks
Postseason all-time ranks
A top 5% all-time running back β a career that puts them among the greatest at their position in NFL history. Their average per-snap value underscores the elite level they operated at.
Worth 220 points of value above a freely-available replacement running back β top 8% of all 4,642 ranked at the position. 10 of 11 seasons cleared the replacement bar, by +22 on average.See board β
Seasons above replacement
10 seasons Γ ~22 surplus β VORP 220
The full season-by-season grids, joined on one timeline. Every selected stat family stays visible at onceβno tab hopping.
| Season | Age | Team | G | GS | Rushing | Receiving | Passing | Defense | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Att | Yds | TD | Y/A | TD% | 1D | 1D% | Fmb | Tgt | Rec | Yds | TD | Ctch% | Y/R | Y/Tgt | AirYd/T | 1D | Cmp | Att | Cmp% | Yds | TD | Int | TD% | Int% | Y/A | AdjY/A | TD:INT | Rate | Sk | Tkl | Solo | Ast | TFL | QBHits | Sk | Dis | Int | PD | FF | FR | TD | Sfty | |||||
| 2007 | β | BUF | 13 | β | 280 | 1,115 | 7 | 4.0 | 2.5 | 51 | 18.2 | 1 | 18 | 18 | 184 | 0 | 100.0% | 10.2 | 10.2 | β | 10 | 1 | 1 | 100.0% | 8 | 1 | 0 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 8.0 | 28.0 | β | 139.6 | 0 | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β |
| 2008 | β | BUF | 15 | β | 251 | 1,047 | 8 | 4.2 | 3.2 | 54 | 21.5 | 1 | 47 | 47 | 300 | 1 | 100.0% | 6.4 | 6.4 | β | 14 | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β |
| 2009 | β | BUF | 13 | β | 120 | 450 | 2 | 3.8 | 1.7 | 18 | 15.0 | 1 | 37 | 28 | 179 | 0 | 75.7% | 6.4 | 4.8 | β | 6 | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β |
| 2009 | β | JAX | 1 | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | β | 0 | 0 |
| 2010 | β | SEA | 16 | β | 202 | 737 | 6 | 3.6 | 3.0 | 38 | 18.8 | 2 | 28 | 22 | 145 | 0 | 78.6% | 6.6 | 5.2 | β | 5 | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β |
| 2010 | β | LA | 3 | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | β | 0 | 0 |
| 2011 | β | SEA | 15 | β | 284 | 1,204 | 12 | 4.2 | 4.2 | 63 | 22.2 | 2 | 41 | 28 | 212 | 1 | 68.3% | 7.6 | 5.2 | β | 8 | 0 | 2 | 0.0% | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | β | 39.6 | 0 | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β |
| 2011 | β | NYG | 2 | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | β | 0 | 0 |
| 2012 | β | SEA | 16 | β | 315 | 1,590 | 11 | 5.0 | 3.5 | 69 | 21.9 | 2 | 30 | 23 | 196 | 1 | 76.7% | 8.5 | 6.5 | β | 11 | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β |
| 2012 | β | CHI | 3 | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | β | 0 | 0 |
| 2013 | β | SEA | 16 | β | 301 | 1,257 | 12 | 4.2 | 4.0 | 68 | 22.6 | 1 | 44 | 36 | 316 | 2 | 81.8% | 8.8 | 7.2 | β | 12 | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β |
| 2013 | β | ARI | 3 | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | β | 0 | 0 |
| 2014 | β | SEA | 16 | β | 280 | 1,306 | 13 | 4.7 | 4.6 | 65 | 23.2 | 0 | 48 | 37 | 367 | 4 | 77.1% | 9.9 | 7.6 | β | 16 | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β |
| 2015 | β | SEA | 7 | β | 111 | 417 | 3 | 3.8 | 2.7 | 29 | 26.1 | 0 | 21 | 13 | 80 | 0 | 61.9% | 6.2 | 3.8 | β | 5 | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β |
| 2015 | β | LA | 1 | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | β | 0 | 0 |
| 2017 | β | LV | 15 | β | 207 | 891 | 7 | 4.3 | 3.4 | 44 | 21.3 | 1 | 31 | 20 | 151 | 0 | 64.5% | 7.5 | 4.9 | β | 6 | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β |
| 2017 | β | LAC | 1 | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | β | 0 | 0 |
| 2018 | β | LV | 6 | β | 90 | 376 | 3 | 4.2 | 3.3 | 20 | 22.2 | 0 | 20 | 15 | 84 | 0 | 75.0% | 5.6 | 4.2 | β | 6 | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β |
| 2018 | β | MIA | 1 | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | β | 0 | 0 |
| 2019 | β | SEA | 1 | β | 12 | 34 | 1 | 2.8 | 8.3 | 2 | 16.7 | 0 | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β |
| Career | β | 164 | β | 2,453 | 10,424 | 85 | 4.2 | 3.5 | 521 | 21.2 | 11 | 365 | 287 | 2,214 | 9 | 78.6% | 7.7 | 6.1 | β | 99 | 1 | 3 | 33.3% | 8 | 1 | 0 | 33.3 | 0.0 | 2.7 | 9.3 | β | 81.9 | 0 | 15 | 14 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | β | 0 | 0 | |
| Season | Age | Team | G | GS | Att | Yds | TD | Y/A | TD% | 1D | 1D% | Fmb |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2007 | 21 | BUF | 13 | β | 280 | 1,115 | 7 | 4.0 | 2.5 | 51 | 18.2 | 1 |
| 2008 | 22 | BUF | 15 | β | 251 | 1,047 | 8 | 4.2 | 3.2 | 54 | 21.5 | 1 |
| 2009 | 23 | BUF | 13 | β | 120 | 450 | 2 | 3.8 | 1.7 | 18 | 15.0 | 1 |
| 2010 | 24 | SEA | 16 | β | 202 | 737 | 6 | 3.6 | 3.0 | 38 | 18.8 | 2 |
| 2011 | 25 | SEA | 15 | β | 284 | 1,204 | 12 | 4.2 | 4.2 | 63 | 22.2 | 2 |
| 2012 | 26 | SEA | 16 | β | 315 | 1,590 | 11 | 5.0 | 3.5 | 69 | 21.9 | 2 |
| 2013 | 27 | SEA | 16 | 11* | 301 | 1,257 | 12 | 4.2 | 4.0 | 68 | 22.6 | 1 |
| 2014 | 28 | SEA | 16 | 11* | 280 | 1,306 | 13 | 4.7 | 4.6 | 65 | 23.2 | 0 |
| 2015 | 29 | SEA | 7 | 5* | 111 | 417 | 3 | 3.8 | 2.7 | 29 | 26.1 | 0 |
| 2017 | 31 | LV | 15 | 0* | 207 | 891 | 7 | 4.3 | 3.4 | 44 | 21.3 | 1 |
| 2018 | 32 | LV | 6 | 0* | 90 | 376 | 3 | 4.2 | 3.3 | 20 | 22.2 | 0 |
| 2019 | 33 | SEA | 1 | β | 12 | 34 | 1 | 2.8 | 8.3 | 2 | 16.7 | 0 |
| Career | 149 | 27* | 2,453 | 10,424 | 85 | 4.2 | β | 521 | β | 11 |
* GS not available from free sources β SG* estimated from snap share (nflverse 2012+)
| Season | Age | Team | G | GS | Tgt | Rec | Yds | TD | Ctch% | Y/R | Y/Tgt | AirYd/T | 1D |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2007 | 21 | BUF | 13 | β | 18 | 18 | 184 | 0 | 100.0% | 10.2 | 10.2 | β | 10 |
| 2008 | 22 | BUF | 15 | β | 47 | 47 | 300 | 1 | 100.0% | 6.4 | 6.4 | β | 14 |
| 2009 | 23 | BUF | 13 | β | 37 | 28 | 179 | 0 | 75.7% | 6.4 | 4.8 | β | 6 |
| 2010 | 24 | SEA | 16 | β | 28 | 22 | 145 | 0 | 78.6% | 6.6 | 5.2 | β | 5 |
| 2011 | 25 | SEA | 15 | β | 41 | 28 | 212 | 1 | 68.3% | 7.6 | 5.2 | β | 8 |
| 2012 | 26 | SEA | 16 | β | 30 | 23 | 196 | 1 | 76.7% | 8.5 | 6.5 | β | 11 |
| 2013 | 27 | SEA | 16 | 11* | 44 | 36 | 316 | 2 | 81.8% | 8.8 | 7.2 | β | 12 |
| 2014 | 28 | SEA | 16 | 11* | 48 | 37 | 367 | 4 | 77.1% | 9.9 | 7.6 | β | 16 |
| 2015 | 29 | SEA | 7 | 5* | 21 | 13 | 80 | 0 | 61.9% | 6.2 | 3.8 | β | 5 |
| 2017 | 31 | LV | 15 | 0* | 31 | 20 | 151 | 0 | 64.5% | 7.5 | 4.9 | β | 6 |
| 2018 | 32 | LV | 6 | 0* | 20 | 15 | 84 | 0 | 75.0% | 5.6 | 4.2 | β | 6 |
| Career | 148 | 27* | 365 | 287 | 2,214 | 9 | 78.6% | 7.7 | 6.1 | β | 99 |
* GS not available from free sources β SG* estimated from snap share (nflverse 2012+)
| Season | Age | Team | G | GS | Tkl | Solo | Ast | TFL | QBHits | Sk | Dis | Int | PD | FF | FR | TD | Sfty |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2009 | 23 | JAX | 1 | β | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | β | 0 | 0 |
| 2010 | 24 | LA | 3 | β | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | β | 0 | 0 |
| 2011 | 25 | NYG | 2 | β | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | β | 0 | 0 |
| 2012 | 26 | CHI | 3 | β | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | β | 0 | 0 |
| 2013 | 27 | ARI | 3 | 3* | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | β | 0 | 0 |
| 2015 | 29 | LA | 1 | 1* | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | β | 0 | 0 |
| 2017 | 31 | LAC | 1 | 0* | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | β | 0 | 0 |
| 2018 | 32 | MIA | 1 | 0* | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | β | 0 | 0 |
| Career | 15 | 4* | 15 | 14 | 1 | 0 | 0 | β | β | 0 | 0 | 1 | β | 0 | 0 |
* GS not available from free sources β SG* estimated from snap share (nflverse 2012+)
| Season | Age | Team | G | GS | Off | Off% | Def | Def% | ST | ST% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2013 | 27 | SEA | 16 | 11* | 711 | 71.0% | β | 0.0% | β | 0.0% |
| 2014 | 28 | SEA | 16 | 11* | 705 | 66.3% | β | 0.0% | β | 0.0% |
| 2015 | 29 | SEA | 7 | 5* | 308 | 66.9% | β | 0.0% | β | 0.0% |
| 2017 | 31 | OAK | 15 | 0* | 461 | 49.5% | β | 0.0% | β | 0.0% |
| 2018 | 32 | OAK | 6 | 0* | 209 | 49.7% | β | 0.0% | β | 0.0% |
| 2019 | 33 | SEA | 1 | β | 23 | 31.0% | β | 0.0% | β | 0.0% |
| Career | 61 | 27* | 2,417 | β | β | β | β | β |
* GS not available from free sources β SG* estimated from snap share (nflverse 2012+)
| Season | Age | Team | G | GS | Pass EPA | Rush EPA | Rec EPA | Pass AirYd | Rec AirYd |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2007 | 21 | β | β | β | 2.5 | -27.4 | 13.7 | 8 | -13 |
| 2008 | 22 | β | β | β | β | -5.3 | 10.6 | 0 | -23 |
| 2009 | 23 | β | β | β | β | -21.4 | -5.7 | 0 | -7 |
| 2010 | 24 | β | β | β | β | -39.7 | -8.0 | 0 | 12 |
| 2011 | 25 | β | β | β | -0.8 | -8.2 | -5.6 | 29 | 7 |
| 2012 | 26 | β | β | β | β | 12.4 | 4.4 | 0 | 3 |
| 2013 | 27 | β | β | 11* | β | -6.5 | 9.5 | 0 | 52 |
| 2014 | 28 | β | β | 11* | β | 11.2 | 4.5 | 0 | -14 |
| 2015 | 29 | β | β | 5* | β | -13.9 | -12.6 | 0 | 3 |
| 2017 | 31 | β | β | 0* | β | -15.3 | -3.0 | 0 | 15 |
| 2018 | 32 | β | β | 0* | β | -2.8 | -1.4 | 0 | -6 |
| 2019 | 33 | β | β | β | β | -5.0 | β | 0 | 0 |
| Career | 27* | β | β | β | 37 | 29 |
* GS not available from free sources β SG* estimated from snap share (nflverse 2012+)
| Season | Age | Team | G | GS | YBC | YBC/Att | YAC | YAC/Att | BrkTkl | Att/Br | 1D |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2018 | 32 | LV | 6 | 0* | 90 | 1.0 | 286 | 3.2 | 6 | 15.0 | 20 |
| 2019 | 33 | SEA | 1 | β | 20 | 1.7 | 14 | 1.2 | 0 | β | 2 |
| Career | 7 | 110 | β | 300 | β | 6 | β | 22 |
* GS not available from free sources β SG* estimated from snap share (nflverse 2012+)
| Season | Age | Team | G | GS | ADOT | YBC/R | YAC/R | BrkTkl | Drops | Drop% | 1D | TgtRate |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2018 | 32 | LV | 6 | 0* | -0.3 | -0.4 | 6.0 | 1 | 4 | 0.2 | 6 | 82.1 |
| Career | 6 | β | β | β | 1 | 4 | β | 6 | β |
* GS not available from free sources β SG* estimated from snap share (nflverse 2012+)
A great career by KV-H: a peak-driven profile that scores 80 of 100, era-normalized against rush yds/g peers across 11 scored seasons.
Blend 76.8 Γ longevity 1 = KV-H 80Β· confidence 97%
Season-by-season quality (era-relative rush yds/g)
Ranked #345 of 600 by seasons where high individual production happened on low-win teams. Score aggregates only tracked StatVault categories.
Reached 57% of the all-time Rushing Yards leader β a solid all-time profile at the position.
A 0β100 scale where 100 = matched the all-time leaderat this position. Built only from visible encyclopedia data β career production vs. the all-time leader, plus efficiency (EPA) and comparable-player confidence β so it's a transparent context score, not a subjective rating. Tiers: Elite β₯ 85 Β· Strong β₯ 65 Β· Solid β₯ 45 Β· Depth < 45. Comparable-player confidence: 94%.
Production per snap β the box score normalized by opportunity. SIS is z-scored within running backs, shrinkage-regularized so small samples don't spike, over the NFL snap-count era (2012+).
Amber = this player (normalized to own peak). Indigo = average RBs aging curve. Group peak age: 21. Source: StatVault KV-H era (1999+).
Percentiles compare each raw measurement against position peers, the full combine pool, and the same draft class where enough samples exist.
College stats are not imported for this profile yet.
StatVault has the verified college attribution (California), but no parsed college box-score table is present in this profile artifact. The section stays here so every profile has a consistent college-stats landing point without fabricating unavailable rows.
Career teammates and draft class, derived from year-by-year rosters β every name is linked.
Marshawn inherited the Seattle Seahawks RB room from Michael Robinson (2010β2013), and handed it to Robert Turbin (2012β2019).
Statistical + physical similarity across every player in the database, position-relevant (0β100%).
Joined SEA (from LV)
Last recorded season with SEA
Joined LV (from SEA)
Joined SEA (from BUF)
Drafted by BUF β Round 1, Pick 12
From nflverse weekly injury reports Β· coverage begins 2009.
| Season | Team | Games Out | Designations |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2015 | SEA | 7 | W3QuestionableΒ· CalfW4QuestionableΒ· HamstringW5OutΒ· HamstringW6QuestionableΒ· HamstringW10QuestionableΒ· AbdomenW11QuestionableΒ· AbdomenW12OutΒ· AbdomenW13OutΒ· AbdomenW14OutΒ· AbdomenW15OutΒ· AbdomenW16OutΒ· AbdomenW17OutΒ· Abdomen+1 more |
| 2014 | SEA | 0 | W11QuestionableΒ· Calf |
| 2013 | SEA | 0 | W6QuestionableΒ· Hip |
| 2012 | SEA | 0 | W1QuestionableΒ· Back |
StatVault's proprietary player intelligence, informed by full career data. How Knox works β
Era-normalized career quality β z-scored against 11-season peers. See all β
Career durability β games played vs. scheduled, across 12 seasons.
Rush Yds translated to the 2025NFL β each season's standing among its own-era peers, projected onto 2025's scoring environment. Modern-era (1999+) coverage.
| Season | Actual Rush Yds | Rush Yds/G | β 2025 Rush Yds | β 2025 /G |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2007 | 1,115 | 85.8 | 1,289+174 | 75.8 |
| 2008 | 1,047 | 69.8 | 1,057+10 | 62.2 |
| 2009 | 450 | 34.6 | 560+110 | 32.9 |
| 2010 | 737 | 46.1 | 779+42 | 45.8 |
| 2011 | 1,204 | 80.3 | 1,360+156 | 80 |
| 2012 | 1,590 | 99.4 | 1,704+114 | 100.2 |
| 2013 | 1,257 | 78.6 | 1,413+156 | 83.1 |
| 2014 | 1,306 | 81.6 | 1,504+198 | 88.4 |
| 2015 | 417 | 59.6 | 1,093+676 | 64.3 |
| 2017 | 891 | 59.4 | 1,046+155 | 61.5 |
| 2018 | 376 | 62.7 | 1,101+725 | 64.8 |
Data: nflverse:players, nflverse:player_stats, nflverse:player_stats_def, nflverse:snap_counts, nflverse:combine, nflverse:draft_picks, nflverse:advanced-epa (CC-BY 4.0), nflverse:injuries Β· multi-source verified via the StatVault Oracle Β· updated 6/18/2026
Career Value Β· VORP
220 career value over replacement β #317 all-time of 4,642. 20/season above a replacement-level RB.
Pick #12 (Rd 1) Β· BUF Β· 2007 Β· +19.7 vs expected KV-H
Fan Rating
Rate Marshawn Lynch β All-Time
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Similar Players
Composite score across availability, IR frequency, and injury severity. See all β
Calibrated Hall-of-Fame probability β fit against actual enshrinement. See all β
What carries the case
Monitor score 69.7 Β· components sum to the score (All-Pro Γ12 Β· Pro Bowl Γ3 Β· League Lead Γ4 Β· ranks/era/longevity weighted).
To reach 50% HOF probability (score target: 110.8 Β· current: 69.7 Β· gap: +41.1)
Paths ranked cheapest first Β· accolade-based, data-calibrated vs actual enshrinement
Career Fingerprint
Statistical profile across 5 dimensions
This player carries the statistical signature of a Hall-of-Fame candidate whose career was cut short by injury or circumstance. The gap between their ceiling and actual production is quantified below.
Marshawn inherited the Buffalo Bills RB room from Willis McGahee (2004β2006), and handed it to Fred Jackson (2007β2014).
Marshawn inherited the Las Vegas Raiders RB room from Jalen Richard (2016β2021), and handed it to Josh Jacobs (2019β2023).
The room is reconstructed from arrival order among durable members (β₯4 seasons with the club) at the playerβs position group β a lineage by arrival, not a week-by-week depth chart. Distinct from the league-wide positional GOAT torch.
Greg Bell
RB
92% match
2007 Draft ClassmatesFull class β
Wore 3 distinct franchise crests across 13 seasons (2007β2019) β a true nomad. The crest trail: